Mosquitoes are small, midge-like flies that are members of the family Culicidae

Mosquitoes are small, midge-like flies that constitute the family Culicidae. They are vectors for a number of diseases, including malaria, dengue, West Nile virus, and yellow fever. In Canada, there are approximately 85 known species of mosquitoes, and they are generally divided into two main types based on their breeding habits and preference for blood meals:

1. House Mosquitoes (Culex pipiens): These are the most common mosquitoes found around human dwellings. They breed in stagnant water, such as in bird baths, clogged gutters, and old tires, and are most active around dusk and dawn. They are vectors for West Nile virus, which is the most significant mosquito-borne disease in Canada.

2. Woodland Mosquitoes: These mosquitoes are typically found in forested areas and are less likely to bite humans. They are more active during the day and can travel longer distances. Some woodland species are vectors for diseases such as Eastern equine encephalomyelitis (EEE) and Jamestown Canyon virus.

Other types of mosquitoes found in Canada include:

- Aedes Mosquitoes: Known for their ability to transmit diseases such as Zika virus, chikungunya, and dengue fever. They are not native to Canada but can be found in some areas due to international travel and the import of used tires that can hold water and serve as breeding grounds.
- Anopheles Mosquitoes: These mosquitoes are capable of transmitting malaria, but malaria is not endemic to Canada. Some species of Anopheles mosquitoes are found in the country, particularly in the more temperate regions.
- Culex tarsalis: Known to transmit the virus that causes Western equine encephalomyelitis (WEE), which affects horses and humans.
- Aedes vexans: This species can be a nuisance to humans and livestock but are not significant vectors for diseases in Canada.

Mosquitoes in Canada can also be categorized by the diseases they can carry, such as those that transmit West Nile virus, which include the Culex tarsalis and Culex restuans species, and those that can carry the virus that causes La Crosse encephalitis, like the Aedes triseriatus.

It is important to note that not all mosquitoes carry diseases, and the risk of disease transmission varies by region and species. However, it is always a good idea to take precautions to prevent mosquito bites, such as using mosquito repellent, wearing protective clothing, and eliminating standing water where mosquitoes can breed.