Introduction to the Sermon on the Mount

The Sermon on the Mount, found in Matthew 5-7, is a pivotal part of the New Testament and includes some of Jesus' most famous teachings. It begins with the Beatitudes, where Jesus pronounces blessings on those who are poor in spirit, those who mourn, the meek, those who hunger and thirst for righteousness, the merciful, the pure in heart, the peacemakers, and those who are persecuted for righteousness' sake. He then expands on the idea of being salt and light to the world, emphasizing the importance of living out one's faith in a way that brings glory to God.

Jesus goes on to discuss the fulfillment of the Law, clarifying that He did not come to abolish it but to fulfill it. He raises the moral standard by addressing not just outward actions but also the inward intentions of the heart. For example, He says that anger is akin to murder and lust is akin to adultery.

In this chapter, He addresses specific aspects of the Mosaic Law, such as divorce and oaths, and teaches His disciples to live by a higher moral code. He calls them to a righteousness that surpasses that of the Pharisees and the teachers of the law.

The sermon concludes with the concept of loving one's enemies and the call to be perfect as our heavenly Father is perfect. This section includes the famous "Turn the other cheek" and "Go the extra mile" teachings, which encourage Christians to respond to evil with good and to treat all people with the same love and compassion that God shows to everyone, regardless of their actions.

The Sermon on the Mount is a foundational text for understanding the ethical teachings of Jesus and the Christian life. It emphasizes the importance of inward purity, social righteousness, and a deep, personal relationship with God.