#Turkey is located at the crossroads of Asia and Europe. It borders Greece and Bulgaria to the northwest, the Black Sea to the north, Georgia to the northeast, Armenia, the Azerbaijani enclave of Nakhchivan, and Iran to the east, Iraq to the southeast, Syria and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. and the Aegean Sea to the west.
Area: 783,562 km².
1.Topography: Includes the Taurus Mountains in the south, the Pontic Mountains in the north, fertile plains such as the Anatolian Plain and the Central Anatolian Plateau, and lakes such as Lake Van.
Bodies of Water: Bordered by four major seas: the Black Sea, the Sea of Marmara, the Aegean Sea, and the Mediterranean Sea.
🌐 2. Climate:
Coastal areas:
Mediterranean and Aegean coast: Mediterranean climate with hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters.
Black Sea coast: Moderate, wet climate all year round.
Inland regions: Continental climate with hot, dry summers and very cold, snowy winters.
Climate change: Turkey is facing challenges such as drought and rising temperatures due to climate change. 🌐 3. Population:
Population size: approximately 84.5 million (2021).
Population distribution: Istanbul is the largest city with over 15.5 million inhabitants. Ankara is the second largest city, followed by Izmir, Bursa, and Antalya.
Ethnic diversity: Primarily Turkish, with a significant Kurdish minority and smaller Armenian, Arab, and Greek communities. Population growth: about 1.2% per year.
🌐 4. Economy:
GDP: about $7.209 billion in 2021.
Exports: include agricultural products, automobiles, textiles, and electronics, valued at $225 billion.
Imports: mainly energy and raw materials, totaling $271 billion. Unemployment rate: about 10.3%.
Agriculture and industry: It is known for its wheat, hazelnuts, and olives, as well as being a major producer of automobiles and steel.
🌐 5. Currency:
The official currency is the Turkish lira (TRY), which experiences fluctuations in value against foreign currencies.
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