download (45).jpeg
A zoonosis, also called a zoonotic disease, is an infectious disease that can spread from animals to humans. Zoonoses are caused by harmful microbes, such as viruses, bacteria, parasites, and fungi, and can cause a variety of illnesses, from mild to fatal. There are more than 200 known types of zoonoses, including rabies, Ebola, and salmonellosis. Zoonotic diseases can be spread through direct contact with infected animals, such as bites, scratches, saliva, blood, or urine. They make great companions for pets, but they can also be a source of disease. Reptiles (e.g., iguanas, turtles, snakes) and amphibians (e.g., frogs and toads) carry salmonella. Poultry and ducks: Salmonella
These adorable birds and ducks can be a great attraction for children this time of year, but they can also be a source of disease. It is therefore important that those who handle them take steps to prevent infection.
Bioterrorist diseases
List of diseases that could be used in a bioterrorist event, divided into categories based on how easily they spread and the severity of illness or death they cause. Including anthrax, plague, brucellosis, and Q fever .
Some zoonotic diseases are transmitted only from animals to humans and are not transmitted from person to person. Others, such as the Ebola virus, are transmitted from animals to humans and continue to spread to humans, causing periodic outbreaks of the disease. Still others spread to humans and then change to infect only humans, such as HIV and COVID-19. Once they have spread only to humans, they are no longer considered zoonotic (but other forms of the disease can still exist in animals).
images.mp4 images.mp4 images.mp4
Symptoms and causes
What are the symptoms of zoonotic diseases? The symptoms of zoonotic diseases vary depending on the specific disease. Some common symptoms include:
Fever. Fatigue. Headache. Body aches. Redness. Diarrhea. Vomiting. What are the causes of zoonoses? Many different pathogens can cause zoonoses. Among them:
Bacteria. Parasites (protozoa or parasitic worms). Viruses. Fungi. Pray. Many pathogens infect only one specific type of organism: humans, certain animals, plants or even other microbes. But zoonoses can infect humans and other vertebrates. They only infect certain animals, but mutations allow them to "jump" to humans and cause infections.
Most zoonoses are bacterial, parasitic, or viral in origin. Other zoonoses include ringworm (a fungal infection) and variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD, commonly called "mad cow disease"), a form of prion disease.
Bacterial herpes
Bacteria are tiny, single-celled organisms that often release toxins that can make you sick. Here are some examples of bacterial zoonoses:
Anthrax. Brucellosis. Cat scratch disease. Lyme disease. Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Pesta. Psittacosis. Q. Fever Salmonella. Tularemia. Tuberculosis.
Parasitic zoonoses
Parasites can be parasitic worms, protozoa (single-celled organisms) or ectoparasites, such as lice and mites. Here are some examples of parasitic zoonoses:
Cryptosporidiosis. Echinococcosis, such as hydatid disease. Giardiasis, Hepatic failure. Malaria. Tapeworm (a type of tapeworm you can get from eating pork or beef). Toxoplasmosis. Trichinosis.
Viral zoonoses
Viruses are small pieces of genetic information in a container that our cells use to reproduce. Here are some examples of viral zoonoses:
Avian influenza, Ebola virus, Nipah virus, Marburg disease, and smallpox. Fury How do you contract a zoonosis? Zoonoses can be spread by:
Contact with body fluids (such as blood, urine, feces and saliva) of infected animals. Bites and sometimes scratches from infected animals. Insect bites, such as ticks, mosquitoes or fleas. Eating raw meat. Drinking contaminated water (or eating food washed in contaminated water). What animals carry zoonotic diseases? Almost all animals can carry zoonotic diseases. Here are some examples:
Bats at night. Birds. Cats. Deer. Dogs. Livestock such as cows, pigs, and sheep. Non-human primates, such as monkeys, apes, and chimpanzees. Rodents, such as mice, rats, moles, and voles. Who is at risk for zoonotic diseases? You may be at higher risk of zoonotic infections if you:
Work with animals as part of your job or hobby (for example, in a veterinary practice or on a farm). Hunt, prepare, or eat meat from wild animals. You have a weakened immune system. Diagnosis and testing
How are zoonotic diseases diagnosed? Health care providers usually diagnose zoonotic diseases with a sample of body tissues or fluids, including:
Blood. Stool (feces). Sputum (mucus coughed up from your lungs). A swab of mucus from the nose or throat may be needed. Depending on your symptoms, you may also need imaging tests, such as an X-ray or CT scan.
Management and Treatment
How are zoonotic diseases treated? The treatment of zoonotic diseases depends on the infection. Not all zoonotic diseases are treated with specific medications that clear the infection.
download (43).jpeg
Treatment may include:
Antibiotics. Health care providers can treat most bacterial infections with antibiotics, especially if they are caught early. Antiviral. Health care providers can treat some zoonotic viruses with antiviral medications.
Antifungals. Ringworm is easily treated with antifungal creams or lotions. Antiparasitic drugs. Health care providers can treat most parasitic zoonoses with antiparasitic medications.
Monoclonal antibodies. Health care providers can treat some difficult-to-treat zoonotic diseases, such as Ebola, with monoclonal antibodies. Surgery. Some parasites cause cysts that health care providers surgically remove. Vaccination and immunoglobulins. If an animal suspected of rabies bites or scratches you, your health care provider will not wait for symptoms to appear. Get vaccinated and treat your wound with human rabies immunoglobulin (HRIG) to prevent infection.
Powered by OLATUNBOSUN IBRAHIM
[attachment deleted by admin]