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Who Said Science Fiction Only Exists in Movies? A Group of Scientists Has Achieved a Star Trek-worthy Milestone: Building the First Quantum Entanglement-Powered Engine. By What?
Yes, you read that right. This strange, magical property of physics is now serving as the "fuel" to generate mechanical motion. We may not be ready to see spaceships crossing galaxies or flying cars (which we would like to see soon), but this advancement brings us one step closer to the future we imagined as children. And yes, it is real, even if it seems like something straight out of a sci-fi episode. Come and show us!
What is quantum entanglement and how does it work? Let's start by explaining what this concept is, namely that quantum entanglement is like a superpower that some very, very small particles possess. Imagine that you have two magic balls that are always connected, even if you put them millions of kilometers apart. If you touch one of the balls and make it change color, the other ball will change to the same color at the same time, like magic. It's like they have a secret that only they understand and can communicate with each other, despite the distance that separates them. Scientists don't know exactly how they do it, but they know that it works, and they are learning to use this superpower to create incredible things, like quantum engines or ultra-fast computers. Isn't it wonderful?
And yes, this word has been associated with technology for years, now they are taking advantage of the properties of quantum mechanics to induce movements. And if this word has been associated with technology for years, now they take advantage of the properties of quantum mechanics to induce movements.
It is still a very new technology that is just beginning to develop, but there are already two types of motors.
Tell me about the first quantum motor. Last year, scientists at the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology developed a motor that took advantage of this interaction between fermions and Bose-Einstein condensates. Don't worry, I will explain. This fusion created energy by replacing heat (we know that's the basic energy of an internal combustion engine, right?), because that heat was replaced by the "quantum nature" of the gas particles. This engine therefore has an efficiency of 25%, which was a great success for the first time such a process was attempted, but which did not make it a useful engine.
And now? What has changed? Scientists from the Chinese Academy of Sciences are continuing this process and have taken advantage of another kind of quantum weirdness, namely entanglement. This is a condition that occurs when two particles are superimposed, that is, their information is linked regardless of the distance between them. Let's take the example of the two balls that we explained earlier. For this experiment, two balls of calcium atoms were placed in an ion trap. The thermodynamic process that occurred during the test went from a very calm initial state to a very perturbed state (You can read the research results by clicking here).
What else do we know from this study? Zhou Fei, co-author of the study, said that this was the first experimental realization of a quantum engine with this type of entanglement, and the result was very positive. It is true that science takes time and this process is also classified as a four-step process. First, the atoms absorb photons, then expand, fuse and finally compress, generating this energy.
Zhou's team analyzed more than 10,000 experiments with calcium ions to see which of all the compounds improved mechanical efficiency.
Time and investment in research and development will be responsible for answering the question of whether these connections will actually be useful for the engines of our future vehicles, however, for now we can wait and marvel at the wonder of the world of science.
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