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The World Health Organization (WHO) has reaffirmed its classification of Mpox (formerly known as monkeypox) as a public health emergency of international concern. The decision follows a significant uptick in cases in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and surrounding areas. This surge has involved a new strain of the virus, which appears to be more deadly and transmissible than previous strains. Cases are not only rising in regions historically affected by the disease but have also spread to neighboring countries, some of which have never reported Mpox before.
The virus spreads primarily through direct contact with infected skin lesions or bodily fluids, and while it is not as contagious as respiratory diseases like COVID-19, it can still be transmitted through respiratory droplets in close, prolonged contact. In certain settings, particularly those involving intimate contact, the virus spreads more rapidly.
The new strain, identified in DRC, is raising alarms due to its higher mortality rates, which are estimated to range between 3% and 5%. This contrasts with the typical rates seen in previous outbreaks, which have been far lower. Public health experts are concerned that this strain may require less physical contact to transmit, which could lead to broader outbreaks in regions not previously affected by the virus.
With this designation, the WHO aims to focus global efforts on monitoring and controlling the virus, particularly in areas with limited healthcare infrastructure. The global response will include ramping up surveillance, ensuring the availability of vaccines, and promoting awareness. Vaccination remains one of the most effective tools in preventing further spread, and currently, priority is given to high-risk groups, such as men who have sex with men and sex workers. Efforts are also focused on increasing vaccine production to address rising demand.
This announcement emphasizes the critical importance of global health equity, especially as Mpox has been endemic in parts of Africa for decades without significant international intervention. As the virus spreads beyond its usual confines, efforts must be made to ensure that resources are fairly distributed, particularly to countries that lack the means to produce vaccines locally.
To stay informed and take appropriate precautions, it is essential to follow updates from reliable health authorities such as the WHO and local health departments.
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